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A flow-through rearing system for ecophysiological studies of Pacific oyster Crassostrea gigas larvae ArchiMer
Rico Villa, Benjamin; Woerther, Patrice; Mingant, Christian; Le Piver, David; Pouvreau, Stephane; Hamon, Michel; Robert, Rene.
While literature is relatively abundant on adult shellfish, ecophysiological studies at the larval stage are scarce because of both technical difficulties and inadequate methodology. A tool dedicated to provide basic information for larval ecophysiology was accordingly developed. Two steps were followed: first a flow-through method of Crassostrea gigas larval culture was perfected during a set of experiments in which rearing systems and larval density were assessed. Then a continuous hydrobiological data recorder was adapted with modifications to comply with our experimental aim. SILO (Système d'Instrumentation des Larves en flux Ouvert) allowed the successive acquisition of hydrobiological parameters in ten 150 l larval tanks in which larvae were reared...
Tipo: Text Palavras-chave: Temperature; Ecophysiology; Bivalve larvae; Crassostrea gigas; Flow through.
Ano: 2008 URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2008/publication-4167.pdf
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A preliminary study of the behaviour and vitality of reseeded juvenile great scallops, of three sizes in three seasons ArchiMer
Fleury, Pierre-gildas; Mingant, Christian; Castillo, A.
In order to have a better understanding of recessing in great scallop, Pecten maximus and consequently the causes of mortality at reseeding, this study has monitored, at different seasons, the dispersion and recessing of different sizes of juveniles (about 15, 30 and 45 mm, called small, medium and large) after seeding. Moreover, the aim was to see when small spat (15 mm) could be seeded, and thus reduce the costs of intermediate culture. Three monitoring approaches were used together: (1) continual observations by remote video camera, of a defined area (less than 1 m2) containing 10 scallops from each size group; (2) daily monitoring of behaviour with divers along three bottom lines, with 20 × 1 m2 plots each and nine marked scallops per plot; and (3) the...
Tipo: Text Palavras-chave: Behaviour; Great scallop (Pecten maximus); Season; Seeding; Size; Vitality of spat.
Ano: 1996 URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00326/43752/43284.pdf
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Acquisition de données sur l'expansion de Caulerpa taxifolia et Caulerpa racemosa en rade d'Hyères et en rade de Toulon (France) ArchiMer
Belsher, Thomas; Lunven, Michel; Le Gall, Erwan; Caisey, Xavier; Dugornay, Olivier; Mingant, Christian.
The oceanographic cruise Califa 2000, as the previous cruise, which concerned the "Parc National de Port-Cros", had for its principal objective to furnish some elements susceptible to help in the control of Caulerpa taxifolia expansion and in the protection of particularly sensitive areas (national parks, patrimonial sectors, regions of socio-economic importance). The cruise lasted from the 4th to the 21st of September 2000 in the rade d'Hyeres, Porquerolles island included, and the rade of Toulon. This detailed prospection gives a location of C. taxifolia and C. racemosa, a new invasive seaweed. (C) 2003 Editions scientifiques et medicales Elsevier SAS. All rights reserved.
Tipo: Text Palavras-chave: Rade de Toulon; Rade d' Hyeres; Cartography; Caulerpa racemos; Caulerpa taxifolia; Invasive species; Rade de Toulon; Rade d'Hyères; Cartographie; Caulerpa racemosa; Caulerpa taxifolia; Espèces invasives.
Ano: 2003 URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2003/publication-520.pdf
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An amylase gene polymorphism is associated with growth differences in the Pacific cupped oyster Crassostrea gigas ArchiMer
Prudence, Marie; Moal, Jeanne; Boudry, Pierre; Daniel, Jean-yves; Quere, Claudie; Jeffroy, Fanny; Mingant, Christian; Ropert, Michel; Bedier, Edouard; Van Wormhoudt, A; Samain, Jean-francois; Huvet, Arnaud.
This study investigated the non-neutrality of genetic polymorphism in two alpha-amylase genes (AMYA and AMYB) in the oyster Crassostrea gigas. Bi-parental oyster families, bred to be polymorphic for markers in these genes, were monitored for growth and survival for 1 year under standard culture conditions in two French production sites. Within-family genotype frequencies indicated that the two amylase genes were closely linked (c. 1.7 cM). Within two of three families, significant differences in growth were observed between genotypes at one of the two production sites, suggesting that this polymorphism is not neutral and might be under selection because of its role in digestive function. Estimated daily yields were different between amylase genotypes,...
Tipo: Text Palavras-chave: Growth; Genotype; Digestive enzyme; Bivalve; Alpha amylase.
Ano: 2006 URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2006/publication-1691.pdf
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Anaesthesia and gonad sampling in the European flat oyster (Ostrea edulis) ArchiMer
Suquet, Marc; Gonzalez, Ricardo; Lebrun, Luc; Queau, Isabelle; Mingant, Christian; Robert, Rene.
Controlled reproduction of the European flat oyster requires the development of tools adapted to this species, including a practical anaesthesia and gonad sampling protocol to facilitate sex determination and the verification of gametogenesis. Three replicate groups of 10 oysters (mean weight +/- SD: 29.9 +/- 8.5 g) were anaesthetised in 5 L containers using magnesium chloride designed either for laboratory (Flucka (R)) or agricultural (Dead Sea Work (R): DSW) use, at two concentrations (50 or 72 g L-1). No significant differences were observed in the percentages of oysters anaesthetised or subsequent oyster mortality with the different anaesthetics or concentrations, but increasing water temperature from 14.9 to 18.8 degrees C significantly increased the...
Tipo: Text Palavras-chave: Oyster; Ostrea edulis; Anaesthesia; Magnesium chloride; Gonad sampling.
Ano: 2010 URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00018/12907/9876.pdf
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Anesthesia in Pacific oyster, Crassostrea gigas ArchiMer
Suquet, Marc; De Kermoysan, Goulwen; Araya, Ricardo Gonzalez; Queau, Isabelle; Lebrun, Luc; Le Souchu, Pierrick; Mingant, Christian.
A reliable anaesthesia and sampling protocol for Pacific oysters will enable experiments to be conducted without sacrificing animals and will facilitate successive sampling of individuals for gametogenesis studies. As no such techniques were available for Crassostrea gigas, the present study aimed to define suitable anaesthetic conditions for use with this species. Three groups of ten oysters (mean weight +/- SD, 32.1 +/- 9.0 g) were anaesthetised in 5 L containers. Among different chemicals: benzocaine, eugenol and three different types of magnesium chloride (a laboratory one Flucka (R) - and two designed for agriculture - DEUSA International (R) and Dead SeaWorks (R)) and concentrations tested, one laboratory (concentration: 72 g L-1) and one...
Tipo: Text Palavras-chave: Crassostrea gigas; Pacific oyster; Gonad sampling; Magnesium chloride; Relaxant; Anaesthesia.
Ano: 2009 URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2009/publication-6352.pdf
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Compte rendu des essais de pêche du Laminaria hyperborea ArchiMer
Arzel, Pierre; Mingant, Christian; Noel, Philippe; Gourronc, Eugene.
Introduction During the month of April 1994, the "Ressources Halieutiques de l'Ifremer" laboratory (Ifremer Halieutic Resources) in Brest tested tools to be used for the harvesting of Laminaria hyperborea as requested by Système Bio-Industries. The first results of this trial campaign are as follows: The tools are effective as far as interspecific as well as intraspecific selectivity. Rightly so, Laminaria hyperborea accounts for nearly 100% of the harvest. We also noticed that only large size plants are harvested, commercial harvest is satisfactory in terms of yield. However insufficiencies still remain. Comb efficiency is low, since the actual harvest only represents 10 to 12% of the stipes collected when the machine goes through. This low efficiency...
Tipo: Text Palavras-chave: Oceanographical campagne; Seaweed; Laminaria hyperborea; Fishing; Campagne océanographique; Algue; Laminaria hyperborea; Pêche.
Ano: 1996 URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1996/rapport-1651.pdf
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Cryopreservation of Pacific oyster ( Crassostrea gigas ) larvae: Revisiting the practical limitations and scaling up the procedure for application to hatchery ArchiMer
Labbe, Catherine; Haffray, Pierrick; Mingant, Christian; Quittet, Benjamin; Diss, Blandine; Tervit, H. Robin; Adams, Serean L.; Rimond, Flore; Suquet, Marc.
Pacific oyster Crassostrea gigas is one major species for aquaculture, and the development of breeding programs and the need for preservation of wild stock genetic resources prompted the need for larvae cryopreservation. The objective of the present study was to choose the most reliable protocol from several existing publications, to test its biological and practical limitations, and to adapt it to hatchery conditions. The selected protocol was characterized by a very slow freezing rate without seeding, and by the use of ethylene glycol and sucrose as cryoprotectant. The best survivals after thawing and rearing up to 48 h post fertilization (hpf) were obtained with larvae that were frozen at late trochophore (20 hpf) and early-D (24 hpf) stages. Increasing...
Tipo: Text Palavras-chave: Oyster; Cryobanking; D stage; Ethylene glycol; High throughput; Hatchery.
Ano: 2018 URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00423/53460/54354.pdf
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Effect of age and environmental conditions on the movement characteristics of Pacific oyster (Crassostrea gigas) trochophores ArchiMer
Suquet, Marc; Rimond, Flore; Cosson, J.; Wilson-leedy, J.; Lebrun, Luc; Queau, Isabelle; Mingant, Christian; Fauvel, Christian.
The movement characteristics of Pacific oyster trochophores have received very little coverage in the scientific literature. Described here are not only changes in the swimming characteristics of Crassostrea gigas trochophores (size: 53-77 mu m) in relation to time after fertilization and to inter-female variation but also the effects of salinity and pH on movement characteristics. The percentage of motile trochophores was measured on images obtained through a dissecting microscope and the Velocity Average Path (VAP) was assessed using a Computer Assisted Sperm Analysis (CASA) system. At 20 degrees C, the first movements of the trochophores were observed at 6.5 h post-fertilization. The mean (+/- SD) percentage of swimming trochophores and the VAP observed...
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Ano: 2013 URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00157/26786/24940.pdf
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Effect of sampling location, release technique and time after activation on the movement characteristics of scallop (Pecten maximus) sperm ArchiMer
Suquet, Marc; Quere, Claudie; Mingant, Christian; Lebrun, Luc; Ratiskol, Dominique; Miner, Philippe; Cosson, Jacky.
Sperm characteristics of scallops have not been well described in the scientific literature. The effects of sperm release technique (thermal shock versus serotonin injection), of sperm collection technique (testis sampling versus serotonin injection), of sperm sampling location along the genital tract, of in vitro sperm maturation, and of time post activation on scallop sperm characteristics were assessed in the present work. Whatever sperm release technique used, no significant differences were observed regarding the percentage of motile spermatozoa and the velocity of the average path (YAP). Compared to testicular sperm, a higher percentage of motile spermatozoa, YAP and intracellular adenosine triphosphate (ATP) content were observed for sperm shed...
Tipo: Text Palavras-chave: Spermatozoa; CASA; Maturation; Sperm motility; Bivalve; Pecten maximus.
Ano: 2013 URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00157/26852/24983.pdf
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Effects of hydrodynamic factors on Pecten maximus larval development ArchiMer
Holbach, Marine; Robert, Rene; Miner, Philippe; Mingant, Christian; Boudry, Pierre; Tremblay, Rejean.
Hatchery production of great scallop, Pecten maximus, remains unpredictable, notably due to poor larval survival. Large-scale flow-through systems up to 3500 L have been developed to avoid the use of antibiotics in static systems. Alternatively, small-scale flow-through systems have been successfully applied for oysters but they proved to be unsuitable to rear scallop larvae. By focusing on physical factors presumed to limit P. maximus larval development, this study aimed to optimize great scallop larvae rearing parameters under controlled conditions. First, the influence of aeration on larval performances, energetic metabolism and antioxidant defences were studied both in static and flow-through systems. Aeration depressed larval food intake, regardless...
Tipo: Text Palavras-chave: Aeration; Flow-through; Larval physiology; Pecten maximus.
Ano: 2017 URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00384/49508/51151.pdf
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Influence of diet assemblage on Ostrea edulis broodstock conditioning and subsequent larval development ArchiMer
Gonzalez, Ricardo; Mingant, Christian; Petton, Bruno; Robert, Rene.
In contrast with the Japanese oyster Crassostrea gigas and the Manila clam Ruditapes philippinarum, Ostrea edulis seed production in the hatchery has been reported to be erratic, with sudden and unexplained larval and post-metamorphosis mortalities. Fecundity and initial larval quality have been related to broodstock conditioning, but effects on larval development and metamorphosis remain poorly understood. In addition, molluscan larval mortalities have been often associated with bacterial contamination and flow-through techniques may help to overcome this problem. Both aspects have been considered in the present work. O. edulis broodstock were conditioned at 19 °C and fed three different microalgal diets. Two were single-species diets: Rhodomonas salina...
Tipo: Text Palavras-chave: Ostrea edulis; Feeding; Broodstock conditioning; Larval development; Flow-through.
Ano: 2012 URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00090/20093/17732.pdf
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Influence of one selected Tisochrysis lutea strain rich in lipids on Crassostrea gigas larval development and biochemical composition ArchiMer
Da Costa, F.; Petton, Bruno; Mingant, Christian; Bougaran, Gael; Rouxel, Catherine; Quere, Claudie; Wikfors, G. H.; Soudant, P.; Robert, Rene.
Effects of a remarkably high overall lipid Tisochrysis lutea strain (T+) upon gross biochemical composition, fatty acid (FA), sterol and lipid class composition of Crassostrea gigas larvae were evaluated and compared with a normal strain of Tisochrysis lutea (T) and the diatom Chaetoceros neogracile (Cg). In a first experiment, the influence of different single diets (T, T+ and Cg) and a bispecific diet (TCg) was studied, whereas, effects of monospecific diets (T and T+) and bispecific diets (TCg and T+Cg) were evaluated in a second experiment. The strain T+ was very rich in triglycerides (TAG: 93–95% of total neutral lipids), saturated FA (45%), monounsaturated FA (31–33%) and total fatty acids (4.0–4.7 pg cell−1). Larval oyster survival and growth rate...
Tipo: Text Palavras-chave: Larvae; Lipids; Oyster; Tisochrysis lutea.
Ano: 2016 URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00251/36258/36063.pdf
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Influence of phytoplankton diet mixtures on microalgae consumption, larval development and settlement of the Pacific oyster Crassostrea gigas (Thunberg) ArchiMer
Rico Villa, Benjamin; Le Coz, Jean-rene; Mingant, Christian; Robert, Rene.
Microalgae commonly used as feed for bivalves, Pavlova lutheri (P), Isochrisis affinis galbana (T) and Chaetoceros calcitrans forma pumilum (Cp), were fed to Pacific oyster Crassostrea gigas to assess their nutritional value for larval development and metamorphosis during two experiments. Monospecific, bispecific and trispecific diets were firstly evaluated during 3 weeks from D larvae to young postlarvae. Then bispecific diets, based on different T and Cp proportions, were assessed during a similar period. Concurrently, ingestion was studied through the whole larval and postlarval development for each diet and/or diet mixture. Because lipids are assumed to be a key nutrient for bivalves, biochemical analysis was undertaken on the second set of trials...
Tipo: Text Palavras-chave: Lipids; Grazing; Metamorphosis; Growth; Larvae; Crassostrea gigas.
Ano: 2006 URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2006/publication-1707.pdf
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Influence of sole and plurispecific diets on larval consumption and development of Pacific oyster Crassostrea gigas (Thunberg) ArchiMer
Robert, Rene; Rico Villa, Benjamin; Mingant, Christian.
Tipo: Text
Ano: 2006 URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2006/publication-6695.pdf
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La production aquacole de coquille Saint-Jacques (Pecten maximus) et le soutien scientifique à l'operation pilote ArchiMer
Dao, Jean-claude; Barret, Jean; Carval, Jean-pierre; Connan, Jean-paul; Corre, Christian; Devauchelle, Nicole; Fleury, Pierre-gildas; Laurent, Pascale; Mazuret, Michel; Miner, Philippe; Mingant, Christian; Muzellec, Marie-louise; Robert, Rene.
Aquaculture production of scallop has been identified by a series of technical operations during the past ten years programme under a partnership involving the fishermen organizations with regional and national grants. 3 million juveniles have been produced annually, giving a potential recapture by fishing of 100 to 120 tonnes 3 years later. Results in terms of technical and economical approach have pointed out the principal unknown factors responsable for high costs. 7he pilot programme aims to increase the production to reach a level of 5 million juveniles to support the fishery of the rade de Brest and induce new management of the resources. Two priorities were selected, control of the reproduction in the hatchery to obtain reliable larval and...
Tipo: Text
Ano: 1995 URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00044/15494/12860.pdf
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Optimizing sperm cryopreservation in great scallop (Pecten maximus) ArchiMer
Suquet, Marc; Malo, Florent; Gourtay, Clemence; Ratiskol, Dominique; Riobe, Marion; Le Grand, Jacqueline; Queau, Isabelle; Mingant, Christian.
A basic cryopreservation protocol for great scallop sperm was recently published, with which thawed sperm survival remained limited to 25% of control values (Suquet et al. 2014). We designed here a set of five experiments to test ways of improving thawed sperm survival and storage by studying the effects of (1) cryoprotectant concentration; (2) sugar incorporation in the extender; (3) egg yolk addition to the extender; (4) sperm dilution rate; and (5) storage capacity of thawed sperm at 4 degrees C. A sixth experiment was then performed to compare rearing performances of larvae produced using thawed sperm from the optimal protocol defined in the present study with those produced using fresh sperm. During the first experiment, a significantly higher...
Tipo: Text Palavras-chave: Pecten maximus; Mollusc; Sperm; Cryopreservation; Larval rearing.
Ano: 2016 URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00359/47033/46946.pdf
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Oyster reproduction is affected by exposure to polystyrene microplastics ArchiMer
Sussarellu, Rossana; Suquet, Marc; Thomas, Yoann; Lambert, Christophe; Fabioux, Caroline; Pernet, Marie Eve Julie; Le Goic, Nelly; Quillien, Virgile; Mingant, Christian; Epelboin, Yanouk; Corporeau, Charlotte; Guyomarch, Julien; Robbens, Johan; Paul-pont, Ika; Soudant, Philippe; Huvet, Arnaud.
Plastics are persistent synthetic polymers that accumulate as waste in the marine environment. Microplastic (MP) particles are derived from the breakdown of larger debris or can enter the environment as microscopic fragments. Because filter-feeder organisms ingest MP while feeding, they are likely to be impacted by MP pollution. To assess the impact of polystyrene microspheres (micro-PS) on the physiology of the Pacific oyster, adult oysters were experimentally exposed to virgin micro-PS (2 and 6 µm in diameter; 0.023 mg·L−1) for 2 mo during a reproductive cycle. Effects were investigated on ecophysiological parameters; cellular, transcriptomic, and proteomic responses; fecundity; and offspring development. Oysters preferentially ingested the 6-µm micro-PS...
Tipo: Text Palavras-chave: Microplastic; Reproduction; Energy allocation; Oyster.
Ano: 2016 URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00311/42233/41600.pdf
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Oyster sex determination is influenced by temperature - First clues in spat during first gonadic differentiation and gametogenesis ArchiMer
Santerre, Christelle; Sourdaine, Pascal; Marc, Nicolas; Mingant, Christian; Robert, Rene; Martinez, Anne-sophie.
The sex-determining system of Crassostrea gigas is still poorly known, especially regarding the potential influence of temperature. In order to address this question, mRNA expressions of actors of the molecular cascade (Cg-DMI, Cg-SoxE, Cg-beta-catenin, Cg-Foxl2/Cg-FoxI2os) and of Oyvlg, a germ cell marker, were investigated by real-time PCR in spat grown at different temperatures (18, 22, 25 and 28 degrees C). In parallel, gonadic differentiation, gametogenesis and sex ratios were assessed by histology at each of these temperatures. Whatever the temperature, Cg-DMI, Cg-SoxE, Cg-beta-catenin and Oyvlg expressions peaked at the same developmental stage, always after Cg-Foxl2/Cg-Foxl2os (around 40-44 dpf for spat grown at 18 degrees C). Temperatures...
Tipo: Text Palavras-chave: Oyster spat; Temperature; Sex ratio; TSD; Sex determination pathway.
Ano: 2013 URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00136/24767/22874.pdf
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Oyster vasa-like gene as a marker of the germline cell development in Crassostrea gigas ArchiMer
Fabioux, Caroline; Huvet, Arnaud; Lelong, C; Robert, Rene; Pouvreau, Stephane; Daniel, Jean-yves; Mingant, Christian; Le Pennec, M.
The oyster vasa-like gene was previously demonstrated to be specifically expressed in germline cells of adult oysters Crassostrea gigas. In the present study, this gene was used as a molecular marker to establish the developmental pattern of germline cells during oyster ontogenesis. using whole-mount in situ hybridization and real-time PCR. The Oyvlg transcripts appeared to be localized to the vegetal pole of unfertilized oocytes and maternally transmitted to embryos. At early development, these maternal transcripts were observed to segregate into a single blastomere, from the CD macromere of 2-cell stage to the 4d mesentoblast of blastula. From late blastula stage, the mesentoblast divided into two cell clumps that migrated to both sides of the larvae...
Tipo: Text Palavras-chave: Primordial germ cells; Oyster vasa like gene; Germline; Development; Crassostrea gigas.
Ano: 2004 URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2004/publication-648.pdf
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